Fatty liver at 25? Doctor explains why young Indians are at risk, shares key tips to stay safe – Healthcare News

India is moving toward becoming the diabetes capital of the world. But along with that, another silent health crisis is spreading—a sharp rise in liver diseases like fatty liver, cirrhosis, and hepatitis. And it’s not just older adults who are being affected. Even people in their 20s and 30s are being diagnosed with serious liver conditions.

We spoke to a leading specialist to understand why liver problems are increasing so rapidly and how you can take simple steps to protect your liver health. 

“More and more young Indians are coming in with fatty liver, even if they don’t drink alcohol,” says Dr. Shubham Vatsya, Senior Consultant, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Fortis Hospital, Vasant Kunj. “This is largely because of poor lifestyle choices and increasing rates of diabetes and obesity,” he explains.

Why liver problems are becoming so common in India

1. Lifestyle-related Fatty Liver (NAFLD)

The most common liver condition in India today is Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD). It happens when fat builds up in the liver due to poor lifestyle habits.

“Urban Indians are developing metabolic issues at a much earlier age,” explains Dr. Vatsya. “We’re seeing fatty liver even in people who are not overweight but lead a sedentary life, eat processed foods, and don’t exercise.”

Desk jobs, lack of physical activity, and diets loaded with fried food, sugar, and refined oils are the biggest culprits.

2. Genetic risk of diabetes and insulin resistance

Indians are genetically more prone to insulin resistance and Type 2 diabetes—two conditions closely linked with fatty liver.

“Insulin resistance is at the root of both diabetes and fatty liver,” says Dr. Vatsya. “If left untreated, this can progress to more serious conditions like NASH (non-alcoholic steatohepatitis), fibrosis, or even liver cirrhosis,” he further added.

High-carb diets, sugary drinks, and lack of exercise worsen this risk.

3. Alcohol consumption

Even though Indians consume less alcohol than many Western countries, binge drinking and poor dietary habits increase the risk of alcoholic fatty liver disease.

“Alcohol-related liver damage in India is often detected late because symptoms don’t show up early,” says Dr. Vatsya. “It’s not just how much you drink, but how regularly and responsibly.”

4. Hepatitis infections

Hepatitis B and C infections are still a concern, especially among those who had unsafe blood transfusions or injections in the past. Many people don’t know they are infected until their liver is already damaged.

“Vaccination has helped reduce hepatitis B, but hepatitis C remains underdiagnosed in India,” warns Dr. Vatsya. “Liver cancer and failure can sometimes be the first sign.”

5. Unregulated herbal and OTC medicines

Many people take Ayurvedic or herbal products believing them to be safe. However, some of these contain harmful substances that can damage the liver if taken for a long time.

“We regularly see patients who develop liver toxicity due to so-called ‘natural’ products,” shares Dr. Vatsya. “Unknown powders, immunity boosters, and even common painkillers when taken without medical advice can be dangerous,” he said.

Early warning signs of Liver damage

Liver disease often has no symptoms in its early stages. By the time signs appear, the damage may already be significant.

Some signs to watch out for:

• Unusual tiredness or weakness
• Loss of appetite
• Yellowing of the skin or eyes (jaundice)
• Dark-colored urine
• Swelling in the abdomen or legs
• Nausea or confusion in advanced cases

“By the time most people come to us, the damage is already done,” says Dr. Vatsya. “That’s why regular checkups are so important.”

How to Protect Your Liver

Here are expert-backed ways to keep your liver healthy:

Get regular Liver Function Tests (LFTs)

Especially if you have diabetes, obesity, or a family history of liver issues. Early detection can prevent serious complications.

Eat a Liver-friendly diet

Reduce sugary, fried, and processed foods. Eat more fibre-rich foods like fruits, vegetables, oats, and whole grains. “Include natural liver protectants like turmeric, garlic, and green tea,” advises Dr. Vatsya.

Exercise regularly

Just 30–45 minutes of activity like walking, yoga, or strength training daily can improve insulin sensitivity and reduce liver fat.

Limit alcohol

Avoid binge drinking. Even moderate consumption should be discussed with your doctor if you have liver risks.

Don’t self-medicate

Avoid long-term use of herbal powders, over-the-counter pills, and supplements without medical advice.

Get vaccinated for Hepatitis A and B

If you haven’t already, get checked and vaccinated. If you’re unsure, your doctor can help with testing.

Stay hydrated and manage stress

Water helps flush toxins. Chronic stress can also impact liver function, so relaxation techniques like meditation or breathing exercises help too.

Your Liver deserves more attention

The liver performs over 500 essential functions—from detoxifying your blood to managing your body’s metabolism. Yet, it often goes unnoticed until something goes wrong.

“Your liver is a silent worker,” says Dr. Vatsya. “You may not feel anything until it’s too late. A few lifestyle changes today can prevent years of health problems later.”

With the growing burden of liver disease in India, prevention is the best cure. Don’t wait for symptoms—take charge of your liver health now.